De primera dama a candidata presidencial: masculinización en la cobertura periodística de mujeres políticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.47.1868Palabras clave:
personalidad política, agenda, campañas presidenciales, primeras damas, encuadres, comunicación política, estudios de géneroResumen
El estudio presenta casos de candidatas presidenciales que anteriormente fueron primeras damas: Cristina Fernández (Argentina), Hillary Clinton (Estados Unidos) y Margarita Zavala (México). El objetivo fue registrar, en diarios nacionales (La Nación, Página/12, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, Reforma y La Jornada) cuáles fueron los atributos de personalidad, agenda temática y tonalidad presentados en las noticias surgidas durante ambos periodos políticos. Para su estudio, se establecieron de forma deductiva rasgos de personalidad femeninos (empatía, honestidad, celebridad) y masculinos (liderazgo, inteligencia, dureza), así como tópicos de corte suave o femenino (cultura, salud, educación) y duro o masculino (economía, seguridad y corrupción, política exterior). Entre los hallazgos se encontró una masculinización de la personalidad política y agenda temática durante las candidaturas presidenciales, la cual no se registró de manera significativa durante los periodos de primera dama. Se detectó que el tono de las noticias era negativo cuando las candidatas fueron presentadas desde una personalidad femenina y tópicos de corte masculino. Entre las conclusiones se señala que las mujeres que se candidatean para puestos presidenciales se ven obligadas a ser más estratégicas en su actuar político para ser vistas por la ciudadanía como capaces de resolver problemáticas que culturalmente no se asocian con la feminidad. Además, se concluye que la prensa las ubicó en una paradoja entre ser cubiertas periodísticamente como mujeres o como políticas, al mismo tiempo elegibles e inelegibles para la presidencia.
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Fernández García, N. & Tous Rovirosa, A. (2012). La representación de las mujeres políticas en los medios (The representation of political women in the media). In A. Larrondo Ureta & K. Meso Ayerdi (Eds.), Mujer y Medios de Comunicación, Vol. 4 (Women and media, Vol. 4) (pp. 23-44). Barcelona, Spain: Universidad del País Vasco.
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2021-01-05
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Álvarez-Monsiváis, E. . (2021). De primera dama a candidata presidencial: masculinización en la cobertura periodística de mujeres políticas. Cuadernos.Info, (47), 26–52. https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.47.1868
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TEMAS GENERALES
