La lealtad hacia la televisión de pago en tiempos de dificultades económicas en México y en Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.45.1687Palabras clave:
televisión de pago, hábitos, crisis económica, latinoaméricaResumen
El estudio explora cómo el estatus socioeconómico y el nivel educativo de la población condicionan la conservación o cambio de hábitos de consumo mediático en tiempos de dificultades económicas. El artículo se centra en el contexto latinoamericano, específicamente en Brasil y México, los dos mercados más importantes de la zona. En ambos casos, los países atravesaron períodos de crisis económicas similares, aunque distintas experiencias sociales. Los datos utilizados provienen de una encuesta realizada por Kantar Media Target Index —el estudio más extenso de la región— así como de una segunda encuesta digital realizada por eCGlobal. Los resultados revelan que la urgencia por cancelar los servicios de televisión de pago no fue tan elevada como se esperaba. Asimismo, el nivel educativo ofrece una mejor explicación del residual abandono de la televisión de pago que la clase social.
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Berker, T., Hartmann, M., Punie, Y., & Ward, K. J. (Eds.). (2006). Domestication of media and technology. Berkshire: Open University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1984 (1979)). Distinction. A social critique of the judgement of taste (R. Nice, Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bonfadelli, H. (2002). The Internet and Knowledge Gaps: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation. European Journal of Communication, 17(1), 65-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323102017001607
Carey, J. & Elton, M. C. J. (2010). When Media Are New: Understanding the Dynamics of New Media Adoption and Use. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Carter, E. L. (2019). Shifting the center: the impact of the Pay-TV Law on the Brazilian audiovisual field. Media, Cultural & Society, 41(3), 261-277. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443718781974
Chan, T. W. & Goldthorpe, J. H. (2006). Class and Status: The Conceptual Distinction and its Empirical Relevance. Sociology Working Papers 2006–03. University of Oxford. Retrieved from https://www.sociology.ox.ac.uk/materials/papers/2006-03.pdf
Clement, M., Fabel, S., & Schmidt-Stolting, Ch. (2006). Diffusion of Hedonic Goods: A Literature Review. The International Journal on Media Management, 8(4), 155-163, https://doi.org/10.1207/s14241250ijmm0804_1
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Silverstone, R. (1994). Television and everyday life. London: Routledge.
Simon, H. (1955). A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 69(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.2307/1884852
Sinclair, J. (1999). Latin American television: a global view. New York: Oxford University Press.
Southerton, D. (2002). Boundaries of ‘Us’ and ‘Them’: Class, Mobility and Identification in a New Town. Sociology, 36(1), 171-193. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038502036001009
Straubhaar, J. D. (2007). World television. From global to local. California: Sage.
Straubhaar, J. D. & Viscasillas, G. M. (1991). Class, genre, and the regionalization of television programming in the Dominican Republic. Journal of Communication, 41(1), 53-69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1991.tb02292.x
Straubhaar, J. D., Spence, J., Higgins Joyce, V., Sinta, V., Mora, A., García, V., & Duarte, L. G. (2015). The Evolution of Television: An Analysis of 10 years of TGI Latin America (2004-2014) (Volume 1). Austin, TX: University of Texas at Austin.
Straubhaar, J. D., Sinta, V., Spence, J., & Higgins, V. (2016). Changing Class Formations and Changing Television Viewing: The New Middle Class, Television and Pay Television in Brazil and Mexico, 2003-2013. Les enjeux de l’information et de la communication, 2(18), 207-223. Retrieved from https://www.cairn.info/revue-les-enjeux-de-l-information-et-de-la-communication-2016-2-page-207.htm
Straubhaar, J. D., Castro, D., Duarte, L. G., & Spence, J. (2019). Class, pay TV access and Netflix in Latin America: Transformation within a digital divide. Critical Studies in Television, 14(2), 233-254. https://doi.org/10.1177/1749602019837793
Swartz, D. (1997). Culture and power: The sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
TGI Latina Database. (2014-2015). Average annual media consumption by social class and education (Data set). Retrieved from Kantar Media TGI Latina commercial database upon special permission.
Urquijo, J. & Lobl, R. (2003). Socioeconomic levels: Differences vs. similarities. Paper presented at the European Society for Opinion and Market Research. Prague, Czech Republic.
Van Deursen, A. J. & Van Dijk, J.A. (2014). The digital divide shifts to differences in usage. New Media & Society, 16(3), 507-526. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813487959
Wei, L. & Hindman, D. (2011). Does the digital divide matter more? Comparing the effects of new media and old media use on the education-based knowledge gap. Mass Communication & Society Division, 14(2), 216-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205431003642707
Yar, M. (2006). The ‘Chav’ Phenomenon: Consumption, Media and the Construction of a New Underclass. Crime Media Culture, 2(1), 9-28. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741659006061708
Baldwin, T. & McEvoy, S. (1988). Cable communication. New York: Prentice Hall.
Becerra, A. & Mastrini G. (2010). Crisis. What Crisis? Argentine Media in View of the 2008 International Financial Crisis. International Journal of Communication, 4, 611-629. Retrieved from https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/838
Berker, T., Hartmann, M., Punie, Y., & Ward, K. J. (Eds.). (2006). Domestication of media and technology. Berkshire: Open University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1984 (1979)). Distinction. A social critique of the judgement of taste (R. Nice, Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bonfadelli, H. (2002). The Internet and Knowledge Gaps: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation. European Journal of Communication, 17(1), 65-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323102017001607
Carey, J. & Elton, M. C. J. (2010). When Media Are New: Understanding the Dynamics of New Media Adoption and Use. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Carter, E. L. (2019). Shifting the center: the impact of the Pay-TV Law on the Brazilian audiovisual field. Media, Cultural & Society, 41(3), 261-277. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443718781974
Chan, T. W. & Goldthorpe, J. H. (2006). Class and Status: The Conceptual Distinction and its Empirical Relevance. Sociology Working Papers 2006–03. University of Oxford. Retrieved from https://www.sociology.ox.ac.uk/materials/papers/2006-03.pdf
Clement, M., Fabel, S., & Schmidt-Stolting, Ch. (2006). Diffusion of Hedonic Goods: A Literature Review. The International Journal on Media Management, 8(4), 155-163, https://doi.org/10.1207/s14241250ijmm0804_1
DiMaggio, P. & Hargittai, E. (2001). From the ‘digital divide’ to ‘digital inequality’: Studying Internet use as penetration increases. Center for Arts and Cultural Policy Studies, (15), 1-23. Retrieved from https://culturalpolicy.princeton.edu/sites/culturalpolicy/files/wp15_dimaggio_hargittai.pdf
Finquelievich, S. (2007). A Toolkit to Empower Communities in Latin America. In R. Capurro, J. Frübauer, & T. Hausmanninger (Eds.), Localizing the Internet. Ethical aspects in intercultural perspective (pp. 301-323). Munich: Fink Verlag.
Freitas, L. (2015, June 9). Economic Slowdown Impacts Television Sales in Brazil (video-blog post). Retrieved from https://blog.euromonitor.com/video/economic-slowdown-impacts-television-sales-in-brazil/
Giddens, A. (1991). Modernity and self-identity: Self and society in the late modern age. Cambridge: Polity.
Hartmann, M. (2006). The triple articulation of ICTs. Media as technological objects, symbolic environments and individual texts. In T. Berker, M. Hartmann, Y. Punie, & K. J. Ward (Eds.), Domestication of media and technology (pp. 80-102). Berkshire: Open University Press.
Hilbert, M. (2010). When is cheap, cheap enough to bridge the digital divide? Modelling income related structural challenges of technology diffusion in Latin America. World Development. The Multi-Disciplinary International Journal Devoted to the Study and Promotion of World Development, 38(5), 756-770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.11.019
Kling, R. (1999). What is social informatics and why does it matter? D-Lib Magazine, 5(1), 1-32. Retrieved from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january99/kling/01kling.html
LaRose, R. (2010). The problem of media habits. Communication Theory, 20(2), 194-222. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2010.01360.x
Leal, O. F. (1990). Popular taste and erudite repertoire: The place and space of television in Brazil. Cultural Studies, 4(1), 19-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502389000490021
Ling, R. (2012). Taken for Grantedness. The embedding of mobile communication into society. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Mapping Internet Prices Around the World. (2017, December 19). Howmuch.net. Retrieved from https://howmuch.net/articles/cost-of-broadband-internet
Medina, M., Herrero, M., & Etayo, C. (2016). The impact of DTT in the willingness to pay for TV in Spain. International Journal of Digital Television, 7(1), 83-98. https://doi.org/10.1386/jdtv.7.1.83_1
Muggah, R., Szabó de Carbalho, I., & Aguirre, K. (2018). Latin America is the world's most dangerous region. But there are signs it is turning a corner (blog post). Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/03/latin-america-is-the-worlds-most-dangerous-region-but-there-are-signs-its-turning-a-corner/
Naím, M. (2015, August 10). The Coming Turmoil in Latin America. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com
Possebon, S. (2017, January 23). TV paga termina 2016 com queda de 311 mil assinantes (Pay TV ends 2016 with 311 thousand less subscribers). Teletime. Retrieved from http://teletime.com.br
Silverstone, R. (1994). Television and everyday life. London: Routledge.
Simon, H. (1955). A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 69(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.2307/1884852
Sinclair, J. (1999). Latin American television: a global view. New York: Oxford University Press.
Southerton, D. (2002). Boundaries of ‘Us’ and ‘Them’: Class, Mobility and Identification in a New Town. Sociology, 36(1), 171-193. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038502036001009
Straubhaar, J. D. (2007). World television. From global to local. California: Sage.
Straubhaar, J. D. & Viscasillas, G. M. (1991). Class, genre, and the regionalization of television programming in the Dominican Republic. Journal of Communication, 41(1), 53-69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1991.tb02292.x
Straubhaar, J. D., Spence, J., Higgins Joyce, V., Sinta, V., Mora, A., García, V., & Duarte, L. G. (2015). The Evolution of Television: An Analysis of 10 years of TGI Latin America (2004-2014) (Volume 1). Austin, TX: University of Texas at Austin.
Straubhaar, J. D., Sinta, V., Spence, J., & Higgins, V. (2016). Changing Class Formations and Changing Television Viewing: The New Middle Class, Television and Pay Television in Brazil and Mexico, 2003-2013. Les enjeux de l’information et de la communication, 2(18), 207-223. Retrieved from https://www.cairn.info/revue-les-enjeux-de-l-information-et-de-la-communication-2016-2-page-207.htm
Straubhaar, J. D., Castro, D., Duarte, L. G., & Spence, J. (2019). Class, pay TV access and Netflix in Latin America: Transformation within a digital divide. Critical Studies in Television, 14(2), 233-254. https://doi.org/10.1177/1749602019837793
Swartz, D. (1997). Culture and power: The sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
TGI Latina Database. (2014-2015). Average annual media consumption by social class and education (Data set). Retrieved from Kantar Media TGI Latina commercial database upon special permission.
Urquijo, J. & Lobl, R. (2003). Socioeconomic levels: Differences vs. similarities. Paper presented at the European Society for Opinion and Market Research. Prague, Czech Republic.
Van Deursen, A. J. & Van Dijk, J.A. (2014). The digital divide shifts to differences in usage. New Media & Society, 16(3), 507-526. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813487959
Wei, L. & Hindman, D. (2011). Does the digital divide matter more? Comparing the effects of new media and old media use on the education-based knowledge gap. Mass Communication & Society Division, 14(2), 216-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205431003642707
Yar, M. (2006). The ‘Chav’ Phenomenon: Consumption, Media and the Construction of a New Underclass. Crime Media Culture, 2(1), 9-28. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741659006061708
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Publicado
2020-07-23
Cómo citar
Castro, D., Duarte, L. G., & Straubhaar, J. D. (2020). La lealtad hacia la televisión de pago en tiempos de dificultades económicas en México y en Brasil. Cuadernos.Info, (45), 41–56. https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.45.1687
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TEMAS GENERALES
